Neural Network Analogs, Resource Distribution Theory, and Functional Evolutionary Optimization Algorithms

Byron J. Adams

Modern advances in economic modelling coupled with computational string theory have led to highly predictable 
emergent properties that arise under non-stationary vortices that resemble neural networks in a surprising 
number of ways.  Similar to computational networks, neural networks can be modelled under evolutionary 
optimization schemes that, like economic models, describe various attributes of cost- benefit analyses.  Such 
paradigms are similar to behaviour modification and assessment models, including the prisoner’s dilemma, and 
even simpler associations, like tit-for-tat.  My research program takes a novel approach to evolutionary game
theory and resource optimization schemes by using string theory algorithms to de-couple the resource allocation 
(inputs) from the resource uptake (outputs) aspects of these types f associations.  I show that the optimization 
of resource redistribution schemes can be modelled as a simple linear function, and that tests of the model fit 
experimental data with statistical significance greater than six-sigma.

 

A Thin Security Layer Protocol Over IP Protocol on TCP/IP Suite For Security Enhancement

Mohammad Al-Jarrah, Abdel-Karim R. Tamimi

In this paper, we proposed a thin security protocol (TSP) over IP protocol that enforces a data security through 
encryption. This protocol consists of two components. The first component manages and establishes a secure 
channel between any two communicating hosts. This component uses three-way handshaking and public key 
cryptography (PKC) to create virtual secure connection and security entity (SE). SE holds the secret key 
cryptography (SKC), and addresses of two hosts that share this SKC. The second component of TSP protocol 
encrypts and encapsulates the coming transport layer packet into TSP packets.  The TSP packet header consists 
only of two fields each of them is one bytes. The first field identifies the TSP packet types such as request, 
acknowledgement, transport layer data, or channel terminating packets. The second field carries information 
about the transport layer protocol.

 

Dynamic Aspect Oriented C++ for Safe Upgrading Without Restarting

Sufyan Almajali, Tzilla Elrad

This paper presents an extension to C++ to construct easily upgradeable systems without restarting. With current 
applications of the Internet, the need for new structures to achieve a high degree of dynamic adaptability 
becomes apparent. Here we propose to address the issue of modularization of Internet services whose 
implementation would otherwise be scattered in many different places. The advantage of such modularization is 
that these services become easier to control and adapt at runtime. The cost of extracting what otherwise would 
be scattered code and modularizing it is the need to provide mechanisms to quantify the points in the program 
where the code needs to run. In addition, the issue of switching from one system version to another safely is 
addressed. The paper presents the DAO C++ language - Dynamic Aspect Oriented C++ system, its implementation and 
its potential applications for dynamic applications upgrading.

 

 

Enviromentally-Induced Vibroacoustic Disease

Mariana Alves-Pereira, Nuno A. A. Castelo Branco

Vibroacoustic disease (VAD) is a whole body pathology caused by excessive exposure to low frequency noise (LFN), 
and characterized by the abnormal proliferation of extra-cellular matrices. Research into the effects of 
exposure on humans began within occupational settings, namely, aircraft technicians, pilots and flight 
attendants. However, numerous cases have now been documented in individuals who are environmentally exposed to 
LFN, and not occupationally exposed. The implications of an increasing number of ill individuals added to the 
inadequacy of noise-related legislation and policies, as well as the ignorance of mainstream physicians 
regarding VAD, has led an unsustainable and unethical status quo.

 

Reformulating Usability

David Ambaye

Over the past decade, the use of ethnography as a serious approach for narrating technological intervention in 
organisations has been evolving very firmly in a positive direction. In contrast, the use of ethnography for 
targeted research objectives such as theory building and testing is less common. This paper describes the design 
and implementation of a series of such ethnographic studies aimed specifically at building a new understanding 
of what is meant by the notion of system usability. The use of analytical techniques known as usability 
scenarios that serves as the basis for this reformulation is also described.  Finally, a new definition of 
system usability is proposed and twelve key dimensions are described.

 

Simulation Supported Optimization of Container Storage Place

Krzysztof Amborski

Numerical optimization of all activities taking place in container terminal enables – among others – proper 
design of routes for terminal vehicles transporting containers to and from storage place and performing loading 
operations on it. Storage place in container terminal is used to store containers, which cannot be taken out 
within short time. Because storage place is one of the parts of the terminal, its simulation should work in a 
system describing whole terminal. In simulation of storage place there are two crucial points: synchronization 
of events and optimization of vehicles movements. Because some events can occur simultaneously, it is 
indispensable to introduce priorities in their management. Therefore highest priority has been attached to truck 
service (i.e. loading containers on trucks), lowest priority – to the transport of containers inside storage 
place. Optimization procedures ensuring full dynamic evidence of containers being on the terminal enable best 
use of terminal vehicles. In this paper two quality indices are taken into account – first minimizing energy, 
second minimizing time of the service. First index is deciding when there is reserve in time and therefore cost 
of loading is prevailing. Second – when the terminal is almost full of containers waiting for immediate service. 
 

 

 

 

Using Pattern to Reduce Compilation Dependencies in Large Scale C++ Project 

Zeeshan Amjad

Making large scale project is challenging task. There are lots of problems in large scale projects, which are 
not visible in small projects. One such problem is compilation time that became very large if project is not 
organized properly. Design Patterns, which helps to make logical design of project, can also be used to manage 
the physical dependencies of a large scale C++ project.


An Experience in the Evaluationof E-Learning for IT Training and Certification

Louiza An, Luis G.Restrepo

Looking to promote within the country a socially wide ranging IT exposure that would be sustainable and have a 
positive impact on the country’s development, the Colombian Government was inspired by India’s experience in the 
development of its own successful Information Technology sector and went on to construct a programme called the 
‘Connectivity Agenda’. This programme is comprised of the following six strategies: infrastructure access; 
education and training; e-commerce; e-government; boosting the IT industry and increasing Colombia’s website 
coverage. One of the components of the Education and Training strategy is the National Project of Training and 
Certification in Information Technology which looks to train, to an international standard, some 5000 
professionals within 7 years. After a year of development the Project’s advances were evaluated in various 
cities around the country. Using the evaluation from one of those cities we have set out the following, 
principal results which can act as a reference for other countries who wish to implement similar IT projects.

 

E-Commerce: A Brave New World

Timothy Asiedu

The essence of this paper is to explore the business and the technologies associated with E-commerce in a 
developing like Ghana. In analysing the usage of e-commerce in Ghana, a critical study of the target industries 
like Banks, Mining, Insurance, Courier, Internet Cafes’, etc will be carried out. In considering the target 
industries, the category of users in those industries will also be looked at. Although E-commerce hasn’t been 
with us for long, the rate at which it is being developed requires a study of its socio-economic impact in a 
developing country like Ghana.



Weblogs, RSS (Really Simple Syndication) Specifications, OPML, and the Development of Weblog Ecosystems

Douglas Bass

The phenomenon of weblogs (or "blogs") has rapidly developed over the past year, with the development of a 
number of technologies that not only facilitate online journals, but promise to revolutionize the internet 
experience by greatly increasing the speed at which new content is delivered and received.  This paper will 
describe the development of the RSS (Really Simple Syndication) specifications, the growth in the use of Outline 
Processor Markup Language (OPML), and the development of environments for ranking the relative importance of 
blogs (commonly known as blog ecosystems).  The relationship between the blog community and traditional media 
channels will also be examined.


 
Managing Contribution

William G. Beazley

This paper is an overview of a management philosophy based on contribution, rather than cost.  Contribution, as 
I define it, is intuitively simple and satisfying: Contribution is the value added to an expected opportunity to 
deliver products and services.  For comparative purposes, contribution is measured by the net present value of 
the expected value of the value delivery. Contribution Analysis is the study of activity impact on expectations 
of delivered (or returned) value. 

 

NEESgrid – Using Grid Technologies to Build the National Virtual Collaboratory for Earthquake Engineering

Cristina Beldica

NEESgrid is the system integration component of the George E. Brown, Jr., Network for Earthquake Engineering 
Simulation (NEES), a national research facilities program supported by the US National Science Foundation. Its 
objective is to create a virtual laboratory for earthquake engineering research, by linking the state-of-the art 
testing facilities distributed across the United States in addition to high performance computational resources 
and data repositories. The key element of NEESgrid is a powerful middleware architecture underlying the entire 
system that supports higher-level information services accessible by end users; is built upon the standards 
emerging from the Globus Project and the NSF Middleware Initiative (NMI); and is designed to be scalable and 
extensible.

 

Impact of E-business, E-education, and E-science Upon Traditional Native American and Hispanic Cultures

Irene I. Blea

This presentation explores the impact of e-business, e-education, e-science upon traditional Native American and 
Hispanic US cultures.  More specifically, its focus is upon the gaps, lags and advances of technological 
knowledge and implementation.  In some ways the advances have leveled the playing field between males and 
females, but has distanced the young from the old.

Visual Literacy Merging Global Cultures

Peggy Blood

In the increasingly digitized world of higher education it is time we rethink the traditional education delivery 
system. Spurring of technology has contributed to pedagogical delivery, not its’ structure advancement.  
Academia moves slowly in adjusting to change.  How can technology structure and deliver really great learning 
experiences in the humanities? Teaching in the humanities should be a global collaboration, i.e., a professor 
who has lived, experienced and been educated in Russia would be the sole teacher of Russian culture. Thus, 
students will objectively compare and contrast Russian philosophical thoughts with those of Asians, Americans, 
and etc professors. The bias is natural and is not skewed to one side.

 

The Problems and Benefits of Outsourcing Technology Jobs

Thomas D. Brumett

Much of the discussion regarding the outsourcing of jobs by US companies is focused on the resulting loss of 
jobs to the US workforce.  This deeper look at this trend, particularly in the high technology work place 
addresses the longer term impact on innovation, competitiveness, productivity and education.  If properly 
applied, outsourcing can work to the benefit of technology professionals and their employers; if misapplied 
outsourcing can be first steps leading to technical obsolesce of entire industries in the US.


 

Formal Description of the E-learning Adaptive Web System
 

Miroslav Bures, Ivan Jelinek

 

This article deals with formal description of the adaptive web system. Adaptive web system monitors particular 
user’s behavior and characteristics. Based on them, the system compiles a resultant adapted document. This 
document corresponds to user’s qualification and capability, preferences and his/her specific needs. For 
example, we can adapt user interface of document, its information content and layout, topology of hypertext or 
other features. The aim of using of adaptive approach to student in E-learning is to increase effectiveness of 
E-learning process, to improve its ergonomic quality and to adapt E-learning process for the disabled students. 
The aim of our work is to create a system for automated implementation of adaptive web systems. It represents a 
non-trivial engineering process, which needs to establish a formal description of the system, like in many other 
scopes of computer science. Beside that, formal description of adaptive web system is needful in other cases, 
for example exact description of adaptive document behavior.

 

Advanced Computational Modeling of Vapor Deposition in a High-Pressure Reactor 
Beatriz H. Cardelino, Craig E. Moore, Sonya D. McCall, Carlos A. Cardelino, Nikolaus Dietz, Klaus Bachmann

In search of novel approaches to produce new materials for electro-optic technologies, advances have been 
achieved in the development of computer models for vapor deposition reactors under microgravity conditions. 
Numerical simulations are invaluable tools for costly and difficult processes, such as those experiments 
designed for high pressures or to be performed in space.  Indium nitride is a candidate compound for high-speed 
laser and photo diodes for optical communication system, as well as for semiconductor lasers operating into the 
blue and ultraviolet regions.  But vapor-deposited InN exhibits large thermal decomposition at its optimum 
growth temperature.  In addition, epitaxy at lower than optimum temperatures and subatmospheric pressures 
incorporates indium droplets into the InN films.  However, surface stabilization data indicate that InN could be 
grown at much higher temperatures in high nitrogen pressures, with microgravity providing the necessary laminar 
flow conditions.  Numerical models for chemical vapor deposition have been developed, coupling complex chemical 
kinetics with fluid dynamic properties.

 

DSCP: A Secure and Extensible Distributed Computing Platform

Paul James Caritj, Nicholas Paul Johnson 

Existing systems for distributed computing all have critical failings that prevent them from becoming practical 
computing tools; They allow for neither the secure execution of arbitrary third-party algorithms nor the 
monetary reimbursement of end-users for the use of their computing resources. DSCP has been designed to overcome 
these failings; it allows for safe execution of third party code across the network, while at the same time 
enabling providers of consumed resources to profit off of membership in said network, yielding economic 
incentive to join. Public key encryption is also employed to both secure and verify the sender of every message 
passed within the system.

 

Sun Tzu and e-Strategy of Intellectual Property Right (IPR)

Muchiu Chang

In this paper, we explore the philosophical foundation for the e-strategy of intellectual property right (IPR) 
based on “Sun Tzu: The Art of War”. First of all, we find that using modelling and simulation for evaluation and 
decision-making is a modern trend of implementing Sun Tzu's concept of “temple calculation”. Our patent-pending 
works in virtual validation and verification of product specifications by modelling simulation have strategic 
importance in securing a market. Second, Sun Tzu's defensive philosophy of “securing ourselves first” is 
preferable because IPR is a protracted combat. From the human-brain orientation of IPR, we propose to allow the 
individual member who creates the innovations to hold the IPRs of his innovations and share the profits that 
come from his IPRs, which is a corporation model of “I pay, we work, we win and we share”, so that there are 
incentives to encourage people to think and offer the solutions, and let the innovators free from the worry of 
being expendable. Finally, from our study of US patent database, we notice that IPR can bring new opportunities 
to individuals with know-how and skill, while INTERNET and world wide web (WWW) along with open source software 
provide a new platform for innovators in education (e-learning), creating innovation and manipulating marketing 
and strategy with low cost. 

 

Application of Web-Based Electronic System to Diabetes Management

Jae-hyoung Cho, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Hee-Seoung Kim, Kun-Ho Yoon

Considering the recent dramatic increase in the number of patients and the medical cost, development of 
cost-efficient treatment modality for diabetic patients is urgent need. So, we developed a web-based electronic 
glucose monitoring system using internet as one of e-medicine systems. With this system, we could show 
significant improvement of glycemic control by randomized controlled trial and most participants were satisfied 
with this system. Here we propose a framework to establish electronic medicine system for chronic disease 
management. This system could become much larger and more brisk with connection to mobile service system and 
with development of automatic data analysis system.


A Study on the Impact of Organizational Learning to the Effectiveness of Electronic Document Management Systems

Vincent Cho

Processing documents electronically can improve productivity, upgrade quality of product, avoid redundancy and 
improve the customer service, etc.  A popular system used in Hong Kong is Electronic Document Management system 
(EDMS), which is an electronic way to manage and organize the document more easily.  It is an advanced solution 
for companies to manage and organize tons of documents in the office. On the other hand, organizational learning 
is the development of new knowledge of insights that have the potential to influence behaviour.  It was a 
measurable organizational capability – one that could be developed over time, and one that could be directly 
towards the achievement of competitive advantage.  



Data Center Acceleration

Alan Crouch

New services and growing transaction volumes continue to accelerate data center networking requirements. Today’s 
multi-gigabit line rates suggest the messenger is plenty fast. The solution to handling these volumes must 
therefore lie in how we handle the message. Application consolidation, evolving workloads for Web services, and 
other volume demands point to the need for protocol acceleration or offload to efficiently convert network 
bandwidth into application performance. Intel research and development believes the solution is new system 
technologies that will help maximize CPU cycles for user applications while enabling the processing of packet 
payloads at multi-gigabit line rates.



Water Management in the Middle-East (GCC countries), Technological Perspective.

Anil Dani

Water is the scares resource in the Middle East. Creation of required water supply capabilities will be 
consuming over 10 billion US Dollars in GCC countries. This region is very active socio-politically for last 
several years. It is expected to remain so for the next decade. New water resources development technologies 
will play an important role in the life of a common person as well the local governments. The paper is an effort 
to address possible impact of water purification, waste water treatment and desalination technologies on 
environment, life style of a common citizen. This may give an insight about local needs and key success factors 
for new technological developments.

 

Combining Old Teaching Methods and New Technology to Create Happier Students.

Anne D’Arcy-Warmington

The tacit dimension of teaching and learning even with all the advances in technology still remains important 
today.  Emotions and environment whilst learning mathematics become memories that are foundations to 
mathematical comprehension.  New advances with online assistance and assessment serve to enhance teaching 
strategies not necessarily replace them. The creation of friendly face for both lecturer and computer means 
students can feel free to study further or may just leave with good vibes about mathematics hence reducing the 
mathematics negativity cycle.  The student may now see the mark of 5/10 as halfway to success rather than 
halfway to failure

 

Concept Visualizations of Computer Programs

Brian d'Auriol

A major issue facing the programming world today is the quick and efficient understanding of existing program 
code by programmers and software engineers.  Visualization of concepts inherent in the program code is proposed 
as a new mechanism to facilitate program comprehension. The premise of this research is that program 
comprehension is primarily based on the reader's conceptual formation of program code fragments. This paper 
identifies two novel visualization models called the Program-Scientific and the Conceptual Crown Visualization 
models; and presents preliminary visualization studies based on understanding programs from data processing, 
high performance computing and parallel computing applications.


Commonalities in the Re-acculturation Process to the University Environment for Adult Learners and Students with 
Diverse Backgrounds

Khaled Kevin Deeb, Adriana Cronin

This paper presents challenges and practical techniques that adult educators must deal and incorporate into 
their teaching and curriculum design in order to assist their students in the successful integration into the 
classroom environment. There is no such thing as the “typical student” in an adult education environment.  The 
unique background of each individual is as diverse as the south Florida landscape itself.  A variety of 
cultures, races, ethnic and religious backgrounds make up the population of this University. The Barry 
University community, for instance, has been ranked, “number one in campus diversity in the South region, 
according to the U.S. News and World Report 2004 America’s Best Colleges” (US News, 2003). This has been 
partially due to the diversified students’ backgrounds as well as Barry’s demographic landscape and multi-campus 
operational structure. The School of Adult and Continuing Education, in particular, offers degree programs to 
adult students at over 13 campuses throughout Florida. These adult learners vary in ethnicity, race, and 
academic background, among others. Studies show that minorities, especially females, are more likely to pursue 
their education. Also, classrooms are becoming another form of United Nations in which instructors should keep 
in mind the students’ cultural and educational differences as s/he prepares and delivers their lectures (Figs. 
1..4). Thus, students should receive personal attention from their professors while building one-on-one 
relationships that help prepare them to succeed.

 

Inquiry-Based Learning by Students with Disabilities Using RemoteScope:  An Internet-Driven Digital Light 
Microscope

Bradley Duerstock, J. Paul Robinson

Physical access to classrooms and laboratories is important, but active participation of students with 
disabilities is paramount for learning. For a comprehensive educational experience, there needs to be 
interactions between students with disabilities and their teacher and classmates, as well as the course material 
and laboratory equipment. Inquiry-based learning is recommended as a standard of teaching science to all 
students at multiple grade levels. This pedagogical approach encourages students to actively explore and 
interact with scientific concepts and phenomena in order to gain a more thorough understanding. “Learning 
science is something that students do, not something that is done to them.” (National Research Council, 1996) 
However, physical disabilities require us to consider a significantly different approach because their 
disabilities prevent many students from taking a traditionally active part in classroom demonstrations and to 
perform laboratory experiments

 

Net-Conferencing as an e-Learning Tool to Improve Retention Rates on a Mathematics Course Taught by Distance 
Learning

J G Dyke, L D Jenkins  

Communicating mathematically by telephone or by correspondence tuition can be extremely difficult. In addition, 
attendance at face-to-face tutorials can be difficult for many students e.g. for those who are geographically 
isolated or for students with disabilities.  The net-conferencing project discussed in this paper was undertaken 
to investigate how new technologies, in particular a graphics pad used in conjunction with the Net-Meeting 
conferencing system, could be used to improve communication between tutor and student on a distance learning 
mathematics degree course and to investigate the hypothesis that this improved communication would lead to 
higher average marks and improved retention rates.


Growing the UK’s Healthcare Workforce through e-Learning

Maureen A. Eby

The Open University, the UK’s open and distance learning university, has invested in the developments of an 
e-learning environment to support work base learning initiatives to increase the UK’s healthcare workforce.  
This initiative focussed on meeting the UK demand for nurses through the development of the first work based 
pre-registration programme.  This educational programme is drawing substantially on the developments within the 
Open University’s e-learning platform.  This paper will examine the development within e-learning that help to 
support this programme as well as focus on the educational pedagogy that supports robust and transparent 
learning which provides the foundations for lifelong learning.



A Cooperative Human-Robot Learning System using a Virtual Reality Telerobotic Interface

Yael Edan, Uri Kartoun, Helman Stern

This paper presents the concept of a cooperative human-robot learning system for remote robotic operations using 
a virtual reality (VR) interface. The case-study task is to empty the contents of an unknown bag for subsequent 
scrutiny. The system employs several state-action policies. A system state is defined as a condition that exists 
in the system for a significant period of time and consists of the following sub-states: 1) the bag which 
includes a feature set such as its type (e.g., plastic bag, briefcase, backpack, or suitcase) and its condition 
(e.g., open, close, orientation, distortions in bag contour, partial hiding of a bag, changing of handle 
lengths); 2) the robot (e.g., gripper spatial coordinates, home position, idle, performing a task); 3) other 
objects (e.g., contents that fell out of the bag, obstructions) and 4) environmental conditions such as 
illumination (e.g., day or night). A system action takes the system to a new state. Action examples include 
initial grasping point, lift and shake trajectory, re-arranging the position of a bag to prepare it for better 
grasping and enable the system to verify if all the bag contents have been extracted.

 

Network Adaptability in Clusters and Grids

Jeffrey J. Evans, Seongbok Baik, Joseph Kroculick, Cynthia S. Hood

The acceleration in computational scale to solve problems in emerging “computational” fields from Nanoscience 
and Genetics to Astrophysics places increasingly heavy compute and data storage burdens on locally and globally 
distributed computer systems. We are focusing on the management of these loosely coupled systems (clusters and 
Grids) which are asked to behave as an increasingly large single entity, repeatably and reliably. Our approach 
explores several areas and levels, from low level detection and reaction of subsystems to application dynamics, 
including human factors. These areas are discussed and results from our work to date is presented. New questions 
to stimulate deeper thought and discussion into requirements understanding are then posed.

  

A Collaborative Project for Developing Smart Residences for Aging Populations

Raymond A. Eve, Diane J. Cook, Sajal Das, Karthik Gopalratnam, Abhishek Roy, Susan Brown Eve, Kenneth Durand

This paper describes a collaborative project involving engineering and social science faculty from the 
University of Texas at Arlington and the University of North Texas working in collaboration with a retirement 
community.  The focus of the collaborative project is a prototype smart house, located at UTA. To assist the 
aging populations of post-industrial nations, the current project goes beyond existing efforts.  It does so by 
integrating a total system of human factors assessment through integrated data collection, remote monitoring, 
sophisticated prediction algorithms, and advanced data-mining to provide predictive health monitoring and daily 
living support for the aged and their caregivers.

 

The Internet's Role in Societal Awakening

Jay Fenello

As we transition from an Industrial Society, to one based on Knowledge and Information, many of our previous 
institutions will be found obsolete and irrelevant. Not only will institutions be impacted, but society as a 
whole.  This paper will focus on the individual's role in, and experience of, the process.


 
A Prolog-like Language for the Internet

Ulisses Ferreira

This paper presents a three-valued logic programming language, which permits definitions of clauses under 
closed-world assumption or without it, due to the presence of a constant (referred to as uu) at the language 
level. A third truth value is used to provide only one negation, defined here as abstract negation, while 
Extended Logic Programs adopt two kinds of negation. I present an operational semantics for both propositional 
and the predicate forms, including variables. The language can be seen as an adaptation of Prolog capable of 
capturing lack of information. In particular, the language can be viewed as an appropriate compromise solution 
between logic and a global structure such as the Internet. Little work has been done combining logic with such a 
platform.



New Aspects of Software Quality in Components Base Software Engineering

Eva Feuer

Wide spectrum of web services are available for the internet users. These services range from just reading the 
web pages to doing in e-business and technical services. Web services are built of grouped, reusable software 
components. The use of component based software development (CBSD) was assumed to offer many benefits in 
software engineering, including reduced time to market, reduced development costs, and improved productivity on 
the other hand raises several issues. The components used are often made by a third-party, sometimes unknown 
source black-boxes. In order to take the advantages of component based development, it is very important to have 
information about the quality of components. In this paper we describe how the generic software quality models 
apply to CBSD and what special attributes should be introduced for components.

 

Space, Time, Matter and Force

Peter G. O. Freund

Our understanding of the four basic concepts of physics: space, time, matter and force, has undergone radical 
change in the course of work on unification, beginning with Maxwell’s unification of electricity with magnetism 
in the nineteenth century, all the way to present day string theory. What started out as four independent 
concepts, with space and time postulated and the forms of matter and force arbitrarily chosen, now appear as 
different aspects of a rich and novel dynamically determined geometric structure. I will present these new 
developments for an audience of non-physicists.


New Space Technology: 1km Tether to 100,000km Space Elevator

Hironori A. Fujii

Tether technology is a very old technology used for human activity in fabric works for clothes, fishing and 
hunting, building, and tethering horses and dogs. The tether technology is now becoming one of new and promising 
technologies for human space activities as spacecraft thrusters, power generators, and important elements of 
space infrastructures.  The present talk includes some recent works of the speaker on the space tether 
technology applied to an aurora experiment using a sounding rocket, a space solar power satellite and a space 
elevator for lifting us from the Earth to the Moon.
 
 

The Estrogen Replacement Therapy Brouhana

Judith S. Gavaler

The controversy about estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) could have been avoided if the epidemiologists had been 
clever enough to confer with a knowledgeable endocrinologist who would have told them " measure estradiol 
levels", and avoid "form over substance", also known as intention-to-treat. That one biomedical consult could 
have nullified the controversy, the subsequent scientific hand-wringing, the waste of immense amounts of 
better-spent research funds, and the misery of women who have stopped using ERT. The estradiol levels achieved 
among ERT-treated women vary substantially and thus so do the results of these ill-conceived ERT clinical 
trials.     

 

Health Disparities Research

Judith S. Gavaler

Health Disparities (HD) Research (a politically-correct term for racial health inequalities) is difficult to do 
effectively. First, using census-based sources involves merely organizing existing data, which cannot permit 
identification/examination of potential underlying factors and interactions. Second, meaningful research 
requires prior multi-disciplinary thinking. Third, inherent investigator racism and fear must be quelled, 
because minority participants will need to be recruited and communicated with. Fourth, one may learn that HD 
research is largely another politically-correct initiative, as little funding is actually available. However, we 
few old civil rights activists are managing to learn substantially about Health Disparities.


 
E-Psychiatry and the Online Treatment Paradigm

Mitchell E. Gibson

The delivery of quality mental health services to isolated and physically challenged populations has long been a 
problematic issue in psychiatry.  With the advent of psychiatric service providers via the Internet 
(e-psychiatry), this dilemma may now be addressed. However, the primary treatment paradigms have not been well 
established and the resolution of issues such as relatedness, transference, cost, safety, legal issues and 
efficacy are central to the success of any effective online therapeutic relationship.  In this paper I will 
examine these core issues that plague the fledgling field of e-psychiatry.   I will also examine the strengths 
and weaknesses of several solutions to these problems in the clinical psychiatric setting.

 

Tools for Telementoring and Real-Time Telemedicine in Networks over Satellite

Georgi Graschew, Stefan Rakowsky, Theo A. Roelofs, Peter M. Schlag

Modern information technologies allow the realization of simulation, navigation and interactive communication 
systems for an improvement of medical diagnosis and therapy. Using a specially designed communication software 
(WinVicos) and standard hardware components various telemedical applications (telementoring, teleconsultation, 
teleteaching, etc.) have been enabled via satellite-based networks. Two telemedical networks have been developed 
recently: MEDASHIP (Medical Assistance for Ships) and EMISPHER (Euro-Mediterranean Internet-Satellite Platform 
for Health, medical Education and Research) for real-time services for healthcare. A high-immersive environment 
for training of surgical interventions is supported optimally by computer-assisted simulation and visualization 
and enables the surgeon to actively take part in the training and to work collaboratively.


 

Geometric Methods in Finding Intersections of Quadratic Equations and Their Applications in Improving GPS 
Algorithms

Weiqing Gu

The problem of finding intersections of a system of quadratic polynomial equations is a classical one. It has 
many applications in real world problems, such as in computer aided geometric design and in robotics. Recently, 
the author has encountered such applications in improving GPS algorithms. Current search and rescue satellite 
aided tracking systems can take several hours to determine the originating location of a beacon signal. A new 
satellite array has been proposed which will allow for nearly instantaneous detection. This new system calls for 
a different set of quadratic equations to be solved in order to determine the beacon’s location. In this paper, 
an elegant geometric method of finding such solutions is presented. Closed formulas for finding the complete 
intersections are given. The geometry of the intersection locus has been analysed systematically.

 

Agent Autonomy

Henry Hexmoor

We will argue that that the concept of agent autonomy is useful in complex, critically automated systems. 
Autonomy is a key feature in trusted as well as autonomic computing. Whereas autonomic is the self-regulatory 
property of a computing system,autonomy is a property of individual computing units and embodies a host of 
important and relevant concepts. “Autonomous” is an observer-centric attribution and can be exhibited by 
properly modeling internal reasoning of entities regarding their autonomy, which at times coincides with the 
notion of independence. In this talk we review recent developments in agent autonomy and how this work can 
contribute to autonomic computing.


Statistics Education Online:  Challenges and Solutions

Erin Hodgess

Statistics education presents special challenges using distance education.  The development of a fully online 
business statistics course is described, with emphasis on tools such as website tutorials and graphics 
generation.  Evidence on the effectiveness of the online course is presented via analysis of course grades.  As 
an extension to the online course, an experimental procedure for generating multiple choice questions for an 
online test bank is discussed.


Reinventing Education 3(RE3): The Chicago Collaborative - A Catalyst for Rethinking Teacher Education

Bernice E. Holloway, Teryl Ann Rosch, Cynthia M. Pedersen, John Schiener

This presentation highlights the Chicago Reinventing Education 3 (RE3): Teacher Education grant project--a 
collaborative partnership between IBM Corporation, the Chicago Education Alliance and its affiliated partners 
(the Chicago Teacher Union’s Quest Center, DePaul, Illinois State, Northeastern Illinois and Roosevelt 
University, and Chicago Public Schools). Highlights include (1) how partner institutions utilize innovative 
applications of the IBM Learning Village (LV) web-based technology as a common instrument for communication, 
mentoring, and support for teacher educators; (2) how the RE3 project serves as a catalyst to explore and 
develop innovative ways to use IBM new web-based tools to creatively address specific needs of each partner, and 
achieve results that can be replicated.

 

Some Possible but Avoidable Negative Impacts of Internet on Education and Medical practice

Felix T. Hong

The positive impacts of the application of Internet on education and medical practice has been amply documented. 
A major strength of Internet application --- the ease of data retrieving from vast sources at remote sites --- 
also happens to have potential negative impacts on education and medical practice. A glut of information tends 
to overwhelm the users: students and physicians. Unless a preventive action is implemented early in the course 
of applications, the risk of a reciprocal diminution of compression may defeat the purpose of using machine 
intelligence to supplement and enhance human cognition. In particular, excessive reliance on digital information 
may hamper human’s analog appreciation, thus contributing to unnecessary human errors. Our arguments are based 
on new insights into the enigma of human creativity.



Combining Modeling and Fault Detection in Automated Manufacturing Systems Based on Hybrid Petri Net

Hu Hong

Automated manufacturing systems, which is characterized by dynamics, concurrence and synchronization, is a 
Hybrid dynamic system involving discrete and continuous behaviours. The static attribute and the dynamic actions 
of automated manufacturing system can be modeled through hybrid Petri net. This paper describes a hybrid Petri 
modeling for automated manufacturing systems, based hybrid Pertri nets, and capable of fault detection. A 
successful example of automatic manufacturing system is presented and analysis of the model is given using 
VisObjNet in this paper.
 

Asessment System to Evaluate the Information Technology Skills of Students - Prepare for Future Work in 
Accounting Industry

K.W. Hui, W.K. Kan

Accounting has large penetration rate to use of Information Technology in the business sector. It is well known 
that computer has the power to process and storage large amount of data. Therefore, it is more efficient to 
computerize the accounting ledgers. Assessment System is to evaluate students' Information Technology skills in 
order to prepare them for future work. The Assessment System can assist teachers to know whether the Information 
Technology skills for students are up to the skills for future work in accounting industry. It can also indicate 
the weakness of students and thus teachers and students can make improvement on these areas.


 
Renewable Energy Technologies for Poverty Challenges in the Third World Countries

Lubna Razia Ijaz

Effectively addressing today’s Poverty Challenges, in the third world we must address our energy needs, which 
requires acquisition of advanced Renewable Energy Technologies along with policies that influence economic 
markets while advancing the public good through proper energy education and research facilities. And to develop 
adequate infrastructure to facilitate the establishment of renewable energy industries in the developing 
countries, which could help solve the energy crisis in the country. Furthermore, increased green house emission 
from fossil fuel combustion, dominates the climate change debate. Green energy laws are being proposed at 
present for at least 5 percent electric power generation through renewable energy resources and between 15 to 20 
percent in 15 years increasing to 50 to 70 percent in 50 years to combat the environmental crisis. Therefore, 
there is an urgent need for “Transforming Global Energy Scenario” through renewable energy resources This will 
help environment to become friendlier, cleaner and greener. This will also help the energy sector to sustain 
energy prices, and ensure availability of clean energy at all time to all people of the world at large.

 

MicroNanoRobot for Cells and Cristals Manipulation

Florin Ionescu

Two generations of a double stage 6,5 DOF robot with respect to the mechanical achievement, the drive and 
accuracy was developed, practical realised and experimentally studied and improved. Controlled speed and 
positionn displacement (130nm) are obtained for the penetration/working movement and were visualised under 
microscope with 1300 magnification power in the white lentht of wawe. The hardware’s and the programming`s 
accuracies allows a smallest step of 4 nm. The paper presents results of the theoretical and practical 
achievements with displayed images of cell penetration and crystal manipulations.


 

High Quality Image Watermarking on the Lowest Wavelet Subband

Sanghyun Joo, Jin Woo Hong, Jaeho Shin, Hisakazu Kikuchi

In this paper, we propose a robust blind watermarking that embeds a pseudo-random binary watermark sequence into 
the lowest wavelet subband. Although it is known that the lowest subband embedding cause severe degradation, we 
overcome the degradation by employing two techniques. First, watermarks are adaptively embedded by considering 
human visual system. Second, watermark embedding is skipped for some coefficients that cause severe degradation. 
Owing to these techniques, a good fidelity and robustness can be obtained simultaneously.


 
Mobile Telemedicine Super portable Personal Systems - the Future of the Rural Health Care.

Salikh Kabulov, Alexander Ryzhov, Vyacheslav Sharov, Anatoly Taran

Rural health care always had and has a main problem - a lack of qualified specialists who are willing to leave 
big cities with their promising opportunities for living and working in small towns and villages.      There are 
no obvious signs of the change of the situation for better, moreover, in spite of increasing budget to the rural 
health care during last years all efforts to improve it became ineffective.  While administrators are again busy 
with making decisions concerning new reforms of the rural health care, it still differs strongly from urban one. 
More or less effective attempts have been made in the 80-ies by the start of the use of mobile medical 
technologies, for example, mobile CT and mobile MRT. But contribution of rapidly developing telemedicine in the 
rural health care is hard to over evaluate as well.


 

Minimal Realization Problem for Positive Multivariable Systems with Delays

Tadeusz Kaczorek

The realization problem for positive multivariable discrete-time systems with one time-delay is formulated and 
solved. Conditions for the solvability of the realization problem are established. A procedure for computation 
of a minimal positive realization of a proper rational matrix is presented and illustrated by an example.



 

Gene Microarray Technique in Novel Gene Discovery

Manoj Kumar Kashyap, Amit Kumar, Amit Kumar Yadav, Anjana Kashyap, Richa Kaushik, Natalia Emelianenko

Most of the metabolic pathways and their regulation is under the control of more than one gene or in another 
word, these pathways are multigenic pathways.Gene microarray is a technique by which one can identify the 
different genes involved in particular type of diseases .A microarray is a tool for analyzing gene expression 
that consists of a small membrane or glass slide containing samples of many genes arranged in a regular pattern. 
This technique involve steps from preparation of DNA chip using a chosen target DNA dissolved in a hybridization 
solution containing a mixture of fluorescent labeled cDNAs followed by incubation with the DNA Chip .The bound 
cDNA detected using a laser technology and data analyze by using the computational methods.


 

Unrecognised Sleep Apnea in Perioperative Patient Population

Roop Kaw, J.  Golish 

The symptomatology of sleep apnea may be difficult to distinguish from normal variations in sleep behaviour. 
Clinical examination carries a sensitivity & specificity of only 50-60% for definitive diagnosis of sleep apnea 
even by experienced sleep physicians1. As such patients with sleep apnea may present for surgery without a prior 
diagnosis. Data from the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study estimate that 2% of women & 4% of men in the middle-aged 
work force meet the minimal diagnostic criteria for the sleep apnea syndrome.2 Obstructive sleep apnea is more 
common in patients presenting for surgery, 1-9% incidence, although the more severe forms are less common.


Preparing Graduate Students to Address Children's Need in Challenging Times

Lisa Kelly-Vance

In my presentation, I would outline some of the serious issues facing our society and educational system that 
must be addressed by a generation of young people who are capable of confronting these future problems in an 
intelligent and humanitarian way. I will provide specific examples about how I approach these issues from a 
graduate training perspective.

  

Action and Entropy in Complex Systems and Their Role in the Morphogenesis of Self-Assembling Structures    

Ivan R. Kennedy, Angus Crossan, Harold Geering

The action resonance theory (ART) allows entropy to be estimated from a system’s action, a material property 
equivalent to angular momentum, or spin, as well as by experimental third-law measurements of the total thermal 
heat capacity, or by statistical methods.  As a corollary, ART proposes (Kennedy, 2001) that sustainable 
morphologies in ecosystems depend on continuous balancing of action exchange forces generated by quanta, with 
momenta corresponding to variations in energy diminishing by many orders of magnitude from nuclear to 
gravitational states.  Such sustainability has profound significance for the stability of all self-assembling 
structures in biology and the environment, with implications for processes such as the folding of 
newly-engineered proteins in biotechnology to the vertical redistribution of atmospheric gases in global climate 
change.  These cross-disciplinary implications of ART will be discussed.      

 

Focused Crawling Japanese Scientific Documents

Vitaliy V. Kluev

According to several estimations, the amount of data created in the last two years is as big as the accumulated 
data in all human history. This exponential growth trend continues.  Finding appropriate information on the Web 
is getting more difficult with inefficient tools currently being used on the net.  In this paper, we advocate a 
distributed topic specific (focused, niche) approach to build search engines. We discuss our experience in 
compiling a large Japanese document collection of Algorithms. We have found that some of our heuristics and 
techniques to crawl the Web have shown positive results.


 

A New Approach to Analyze Huge Internet and Telecommunications Data

Victor Korotkikh, Noel Patson 

Huge data sets associated with telecommunications and Internet systems can be viewed as digraphs with hundreds 
of millions of vertices. These huge graphs are cumbersome to process and difficult to visualize due to the size 
of computer displays that are usually of the order of only one million pixels. In this paper an approach is 
developed and explored that represents digraphs as 2-D vectors, which interact to form a 3-D Lipschitz function 
surface.  These surfaces can be efficiently encoded as binary sequences and thus reduce the amount of memory 
required to visualize the structural and geographical nature of the huge digraph data. It is believed that the 
approach may assist managers in making decisions and strategic planning, such as the optimum locations for 
future infrastructure. The approach may also pinpoint and predict potential hotspots to assist in the 
maintenance and development of networks and the Internet.


 

Mapping, Programmability and Scalability of Problems for Quantum Speed-up

E. V. Krishnamurthy

This paper explores the reasons as to why the quantum paradigm is not so easy to extend to all of the classical 
computational algorithms. We also explain the failure of programmability, and scalability in quantum speed-up . 
Also due to the presence of quantum entropy, quantum algorithm cannot obviate the curse of dimensionality 
encountered in solving many complex numerical and optimisation problems.


 

C2G, G2C, and C2C Communication in the Ubiquitous Information Society

Masaaki Kurosu

Internet for desktops, laptops, PDAs and cell phones are now growing in number and the variety of services.  In 
the ubiquitous information society, people will be able to access to the internet wherever, whenever and 
whatever they would like.  We conducted a field survey for local governments and the citizen in terms of what 
they would like to communicate with each other in what kind of situation.  Based on this survey, we proposed a 
concept and created a prototype of Here-It-Is ("Koko-memo" in Japanese) system.  The prototype of this system is 
composed of the cell phone with digital camera and GPS function that provides an opportunity for them to send a 
multimedia message regarding anything they found in town.  Some may send a request to the local government for 
the repairment of the road sign that is difficult to recognize, and some may send a message that s/he found a 
good new restaurant in town.  We conducted a feasibility survey of this system and confirmed its effectiveness.

 

Planning in Practice: Action Research in Venezuela

Kusch, Rebolledo, Ryan 

Planning and carrying out action research is seen by some authors to be described by a linear or circular 
process. There are several tasks at hand in this paper. What brought us together as a group was the desire to 
organise an action research event in Venezuela. While our context may seem unusual, this strangeness helps 
problematise some of the generic issues planning and carrying through action research. We hope to take analysis 
of action research one-step further by showing that there are parallel processes within the planning for such 
events, the events, and in their subsequent analysis. In March 2000, the Collaborative Action Research (CARN) 
Network (1) issued a call seeking people experienced in action research, who might want to help plan and present 
an action research event for elementary school science teachers in Venezuela, South America. By the time of the 
Winchester Event, JK and CR had made preliminary proposals of possible activities, without knowing much of the 
context where the workshop was to take place. We asked questions about who would participate in the event, and 
which purposes would be served by the event that we organised. 


 
Evaluate Student’s Information Technology Skill for Project Based Learning through the Use of Web-Based 
Information Technology Skill Assessment System 

T.S. Lee, W.K. Kan

This paper describes the development of a web-based Information Technology skill assessment system. The main 
purpose of this project was to evaluate student’s Information Technology skills in order to prepare them for 
project-based learning. By the assessment system, teachers can know whether the Information Technology skills 
for the students are enough for their study purpose. It also indicates the weakness of students and thus 
teachers can tailor made the learning material for them so that their Information Technology skills are up to 
standard for their project based learning.


 

Analysis of Social Science Theory through Computerization of Representations in Formal Logic

Sheldon G. Levy

Social science theory is usually verbally stated.  This lack of formal representation limits predictions to data 
and imposes limitation in identifying contradictions.  This contrasts with the identity between mathematical 
models and physical science.  Muncaster’s propcalc computer program allows symbolic logic propositions to be 
examined for their deductions and consistency.  The author’s theory of reduced alternatives, posits 
psychological consequences to citizens whose outcomes are low in institutional settings such as education, 
income, and status.  The result is to increased rather than decrease support of governmental authority.  The 
propositions of the theory are stated in symbolic logic and their consistency and implications examined through 
propcalc.

 

Global Optimisation for Optical Coating Design

Dongguang Li

The optimisation algorithms are playing a significant role in the field of the optical coating design. Many 
advanced local and global optimisation techniques, such as Gradient, Simplex, Flip-flop, Needle , Genetic and 
Simulated annealing, have been successfully applied to optical coating design. Any optimisation algorithm 
applied to a particular design problem should firstly address the issue of choosing a reasonable starting 
design, which is always a big obstacle to an inexperienced designer. To find the true global optimised solution 
for a coating design problem, we need to solve an array of interlinked multi-dimensional simultaneous equations. 
For more than just a few layers, until recently this has been a very difficult task, requiring the use of a 
supercomputer and highly skilled programming. By using the orthogonal Latin Square theory and an experimental 
design methodology in a search space reduction process, a Windows based program has been written that can 
operate on even a desktop personal computer. It can find the global optimum design for a 23 layers design using 
any dispersive and lossy material within a period of several hours. Additionally, this methodology 
(DGL-Optimisation, DGL is the short for D.G. Li) allows the use of target spectra such as s & p polarisation, 
with reflection and transmission simultaneously.

 

 
Firearm Identification System Based on Ballistics Projectile Images 

Dongguang Li

Characteristic markings on the cartridge case and projectile of a fired bullet are created when it is fired. 
Over thirty different features within these marks can be distinguished, which in combination produce a 
“fingerprint” for a firearm. By analyzing features within such a set of firearm fingerprints, it will be 
possible to identify not only the type and model of a firearm, but also each every individual weapon as 
effectively as human fingerprint identification. A new analytic system based on fast Fourier transform (FFT) for 
identifying the projectile specimens by the line-scan imaging technique is proposed in this paper. Experimental 
results show that the proposed system can be used for firearm identification efficiently and precisely through 
digitizing and analyzing the fired projectiles specimens.


 

MS Windows Based Optical Thin-film Design Software with DGL Global Optimization

Dongguang Li

The paper describes an innovative global optimisation algorithm and commercialised optical thin film design 
software using the discussed algorithm. The MS Windows software application has been developed, which shows a 
great advantage in finding a best optical thin film optimisation design over other conventional design methods. 
One real world design problem is discussed in details.



 

Ballistics Image Visualisation and Processing on Internet

Dongguang Li

The cartridge case image database is a part of the ballistics firearm identification system, Fireball, developed 
at Edith Cowan University (ECU) in Australia. Web based tools for querying, visualising and simple image 
processing the cartridge case image from the database have been developed. This paper will give a brief 
description of this system and details of these tools.



 

Performance Comparison of Two Delay Sensitive Multipath Routing Schemes in Ad Hoc Directional Networks

Yang Li, Hong Man 

Applying directional antennas on ad hoc wireless network has become an attractive research topic because of its 
potential for increasing channel capacity through spatial reuse. However conventional ad hoc routing protocols 
(e.g. DSR, AODV) based on the shortest path metric usually suffers long transmission delay and frequent link 
breakage over this type of networks. This is caused by a unique feature of directional transmission commonly 
known as “deafness”'. In this paper we introduce a multipath on-demand distance vector (MODV) routing scheme, 
which attempts to explore the advantage of spatial reuse and to reduce per hop medium access delay due to 
next-hop deafness.


 

Spatio-Temporal Web-Based Multimedia Information System

Herve Martin, Jerome Gensel

Web and multimedia technologies enhance possibilities to develop software for managing, displaying and 
distributing spatially-referenced information. More and more geographic information systems (GIS) applications 
have to integrate both a temporal and a multimedia dimension. Such softwares are required in various fields such 
as E-mobility and risk management. In this paper, we present new trends in Web cartography both from a formalism 
point of view and from a technology point of view. We show how models and languages used in web and multimedia 
information systems may be used to model and to navigate across spatio-temporal referenced multimedia data. 
Actually, our team is involved in various projects related to this problematic. We illustrate our presentation 
with some examples developed in those projects.


 

Deployment of Information at the Speed of Light: Strategies for Successful Collaboration During a Crisis and 
Beyond

Violet Macias

California Distance Learning Health Network (CDLHN) produces, promotes, and provides trainings on health issues 
and other related subjects throughout California, the nation, and the world.  CDLHN’s extensive background in 
distance education through satellite technology can be adapted to train professionals to prepare for an 
emergency. CDLHN fosters alliances between health organizations and emergency personnel and increases access to 
the most advanced communication technology.  CDLHN will present some of the newest technologies used in distance 
education in the Public Health arena.



 

Enhancing Access Dynamics for Interdisciplinary Research and other Interactions through a New Range of 
Simplified University Portals.

Albert E.J. McGill

Victoria University is a dual sector institution (FE & HE) situated in the west of Melbourne on eleven campus 
precincts serving more than 50,000 students within a region of broad ethnical and cultural diversity.  As a 
relatively new university, although originating in 1916, new opportunities are being developed not only to 
differentiate its activities from its neighbouring institutions but also to provide an entirely novel approach 
to client engagement. An number of institutes are being established, based on proven research, teaching, 
training, consultancy and advisory skills that will allow client issues to be accepted and a holistic range of 
initiatives to be developed that deal with those issues completely. The first institutes established include 
Biotechnology, Health, Sustainability & Innovation, Integrated Transport & Logistics and Community Engagement 
and Policy Alternatives. This approach will provide a single access portal for clients from government, industry 
and community rather than through a complex directory approach.


 

Global Monitoring System of a Site of Communication Satellites and Transfers of the Information in a 
Geostationary Orbit

M. Meshkov

The modern satellites-retransmitters of communication systems using perspective Ku a range, should be kept in a 
working point in geostationary orbit (GSO) with accuracy ± 0,05 degrees and it is better. Ballistic-navigating 
maintenance of similar communication satellites is offered to be executed with the help of precision measuring 
instruments of the angular coordinates placed on the ground and allowing to take the bearings of satellites on 
signals of telemetry to within 5-8 angular seconds. In Russia the similar monitoring system is realized by state 
enterprise "Space communication" for a satellite communication system and telecasting with use of space vehicles 
of a series "Express-AM". The offered global monitoring system of a site of the communication satellites 
established in any point GSO, is extremely optimum and will consist all of three ground stations placed any way 
enough within the limits of a ring with breadth up to 500 on north and the south from equator (in the report 
possible variants of accommodation of stations are resulted in view of zones of overlapping and the basic 
technical and economic parameters of these stations and systems as a whole).

 

Conservation and Establishment of Medical Plants in Backyard Home Gardens in Tanzania

Mkangare M.J.Minja

The majority of plants used in ethnomedical and ethnoveterinary practice in Tanzania are mainly harvested from 
the wild.  The growing demand for medicinal plants calls for enhanced conservation strategies.  In order to 
ensure that representative wild populations of vulnerable medicinal plant species are conserved, there should be 
efforts aimed at establishing sustainable medicinal plants base in the form of backyard home gardens, to satisfy 
the health needs of both man and animals. Backyard home gardens serve as alternative supply sources through 
cultivation in large enough quantities and at a low enough prices to compete with prices obtained by gatherers 
of wild stocks.   


 

Broadband Infrastructure and Rural Regional Development: in the County of More & Romsdal, Norway

Judith Molka-Danielsen, Ottar Ohren, Bjorn Jager

This paper reports on findings of two surveys conducted in April 2001 and November 2002 on broadband 
infrastructure deployment and utilization of ICT services in 38 local governments of one county in Norway. 
Services include internal administrative services for the employees and services to the residents of the 
communities. We examine how well actual adoption of services had met with expectations. Findings show adoption 
and use was not as pervasive as expected. Our study is compared to several other regional area studies carried 
out in Spain. Last, we discuss how this can be an inhibitor to this area's regional economic development.


 

 

 

Autonomy for System Assurance under Evolving Situations

Kinji Mori

The markets have been changing rapidly and the users preferences are much more difficult to predict.  The 
technologies have been advanced day-by-day.  Under the evolving situations, the heterogeneous systems are 
connected and the heterogeneous modes and requirements coexist in the system.  Then the system is required to 
keep its operation under these dynamic situations, that is, the system assurance.  For attaining the assurance, 
the system design view, technology and key issue of the autonomy for the assurance are discussed with the real 
application systems.  These proposed assurance technologies are shown to be effective in these applications.


 

Web-Based Information Systems in the Public Sector

Birgit Oberer, Alptekin Erkollar

In this paper there will be shown how electronic services within the public sector should be classified, how 
they can be developed and how can the provision of these services be supported. To support the classification of 
electronic services by the public sector there has been developed a three-dimensional classification portfolio 
for electronic services. Targets of the classification are the evaluation of main features of procedures and the 
creation of comparable initiatives. There are two main views within the schemes: the user-view and the IT-view. 
Within these views there are two main features, which can be found in every scheme: User-view: The 
online-availability of services; IT-view: The possibility for information technology based e-government 
procedures. Using this portfolio analysis you can redesign and support current public electronic services and 
evaluate optimisation potential for these services.


 

Probing Neural Synchronization in Psychiatric Disorders

Brian F. O'Donnell, Giri P. Krishnan, Jennifer Vohs, Marcia Bockbrader, William P. Hetrick, Anantha Shekhar

Neurophysiological evidence suggests that neural synchronization is integral to integration of information 
within the brain.   Synchronization of neural activity at high frequencies (> 30 Hz) is thought to depend on 
GABAergic interneurons, which appear to be affected in a variety of brain disorders.   Electroencephalographic 
(EEG) recording allows non-invasive evaluation of the frequency response of the human brain to temporally 
modulated stimulation.  We report findings from a series of studies that show abnormal EEG synchronization in 
schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, two severe psychological disorders.  These disturbances in neural 
synchronization at high temporal frequencies may contribute to disorganized cognition and behavior, which are 
common in these mental disorders.


 

A New Image of the Cochlea and Hearing

George Offutt

The study of hearing is based upon the assumption that all sound recognition is the result of the detection of 
mechanical stimuli in the cochlea. The foundation of that assumption was built in part upon a hypothesis that 
uses a negative argument. When S.S. Stevens (1937) published his hypothesis on electrical sensitivity there were 
no known biological receptors for electrical potentials. He used that observation to hypothesize that the ear 
was only sensitive to mechanical stimuli. However, we now know of many receptors that are sensitive to 
electrical potentials, but the assumption remains. An alternate is the electromodel that assumes that the inner 
hair cells (IHC) of the cochlea are primarily electroreceptors. Many areas of auditory research have been 
investigated using that model and no conflicts with published data have been found (Offutt, book, 1984). The 
concepts in the electromodel have also led to a successful treatment of tinnitus using subthreshold sound 
(Frantz and Offutt, ITJ, 2003) and to a proposed explanation for the symptoms of Meniere’s disease.

 

The Information Nervous System

Nosa Omoigui

The explosive growth of digital information is increasingly impeding knowledge-worker productivity due to 
information overload. Online information is virtually doubling every year and most of that information is 
unstructured – usually in the form of text. Traditional search engines such as Google have been unable to keep 
up with the pace of information growth primarily because they lack the intelligence to “understand,” 
semantically process, mine, infer, connect, and contextually interpret information in order to transform it to – 
and expose it as – knowledge. In this paper, I introduce an end-to-end system and resulting knowledge medium, 
the Information Nervous System that addresses precisely these problems. The system provides intelligent and 
dynamic semantic indexing and ranking of information (without requiring formal semantic markup), along with a 
semantic user interface that provides end-users with the flexibility of natural-language queries (without the 
limitations thereof), without sacrificing ease-of-use, and which also empowers users with dynamic knowledge 
federation, presentation and discovery – for cases where the user might not know what he or she doesn’t know and 
wouldn’t know to ask.


 

Collaborative Remote Monitoring, Control and Visualisaton in Mixed Reality Environments over the Internet and 
Grid

Milena Radenkovic, Steve Benford

The paper will provide an overview of e-Science and Grid activities in the UK and give a give a short evaluation 
of Open Grid Services Architecture (OGSA). Special focus will be put on Mixed Reality interdisciplinary 
initiative that brings together leading researchers from Computer Science, Engineering and Psychology to 
research new technologies that merge physical and digital worlds. A number of projects and future visions for 
collaborative remote monitoring, visualisation and control in Mixed Realities over the Grid in different 
contexts will be explored in more detail. The paper will introduce novel common infrastructures for supporting 
such projects with particular interest on improved scalability, flexibility and usability. We argue that our 
infrastructures and interfaces allow for more effective synchronous and asynchronous collaboration among 
geographically remote scientests and field workers.


 

Atorvastatin Inhibits LRP5-Frizzled Mediated Ectopic Bone Formation in the Aortic Valves of Hyperlipidemic 
Rabbits  

Rajamannan NM, Subramaniam M, Gilchrest A, McConnell JP, Singh RJ, Sebo, MD TJ,.Stock SR, Spelsberg TC 

Calcific aortic valve disease is the most common indication for aortic valve (AV) replacement in the USA. The 
cellular mechanisms are not well known. A known low-density receptor-related protein (LRP5) plays an essential 
role in skeletal bone accrual. We hypothesized that ectopic bone formation in the aortic valve (AV) occurs with 
the WNT coreceptor LRP5 and Frizzled regulation in an experimental hypercholesterolemic Watanabe rabbit model.




Cytomics InFormation Repository (CIFR): An Internet based Scientific Data Management System

B. Rajwa, P. Varadharajan, J. Paul Robinson

A critical component for a net of collaborating high-throughput biological laboratories is efficient information 
retrieval and management. Data, protocols, standards and methods management is an almost overwhelming problem 
where multiple data input sources and various types of instrumentation are used. The problem of collaboration 
management of individuals or groups working in physically separate environments is not new. Similar issues are 
faced by many commercial organizations using contemporary business models that encompass concepts like remote 
access to organizational resources, telecommuting, etc. These enterprise business organizations utilize a 
sophisticated database and data-mining technologies linked with a specialized software packages capable of 
providing variety of functions including: document management, knowledge archiving, calendar functionality, 
personal information management, and so on. However, the case of biolaboratories is unique and specific, because 
of the extreme variety of the stored, organized and retrieved information. These data include textual data, 
images, algorithms, protocols, and a number of proprietary binary formats


 

Web Advertising Must Mature With Its Target Audience

John Reisner

Although early predictions claimed internet advertising had great potential, initial euphoria was later 
supplanted by much cynicism and doubt.  Some have suggested that recent misgivings indicate future trouble for 
companies seeking market penetration through internet advertising.  However, internet advertisers should correct 
faulty assumptions about user behaviour and reexamine how internet advertising investments are evaluated before 
abandoning this growing marketplace.  Internet advertising can be worthwhile, but its benefits must be measured 
using reasonable expectations and assumptions.  The so-called failure of internet advertising actually reflects 
faulty and overly-optimistic assumptions and expectations.  By examining these faults, adjusting expectations, 
and redesigning the advertising model, the internet can indeed be an effective advertising medium.


 

A Human Cytome Project: Reversing the Analytical Strategy of Medical Eesearch

J.P. Robinson, G. Valet, R. F. Murphy, A. Tarnok, A. Kriete

Biology is no longer a simple non-quantitative study in live systems. It has become a complex world of large 
scale, high throughput data manipulation environment. The ability to manipulate gene sequences (Genomics) and 
identify proteins (proteomics) however is not adequate to represent the cytome appropriately. New technologies 
that allow us to critically evaluate mutliparameter functional states of cellular systems have stimulated the 
development of new approaches for the collection of information with more immediate biological or medical 
importance. Microscope- or flow cytometry-based observation techniques have long proved capable of unlocking 
molecular mechanisms and have the potential to generate phenotypic, functional, and molecular information via 
quantitative assessments of subcellular, cellular and tissue constructs. However, they have been used primarily 
as part of hypothesis driven research and not as part of a systematic "omics" approach. A human cytome project 
was recently suggested.  Instead of expanding from genes as elementary information units through the infinite 
network of highly redundant molecular pathways to the cell and cell systems level, one can primarily focus on 
assembled cells as elementary organizational units of organisms and molecular consequence of both genotype and 
environment.

 

Modulation of a Dog's Internal Organ Function by Selective Stimulation of the Left Vagus Nerve

Janez Rozman

The superficial regions of the left vagus nerves of a dog were selectively stimulated with 39-electrode spiral 
cuffs having thirteen circumferential groups of three electrodes (GTE) to modulate the function of the 
innervated internal organs and glands. Under general anaesthesia, the cuffs were chronically implanted on the 
nerve at the neck in two adult Beagle dogs. The regions were stimulated with biphasic, rectangular and current 
pulses (2mA, 200ms, 20Hz) delivered to the group of GTE being close to the region innervating the specific 
internal organ or gland. The results showed that GTE No. 9 elicited the highest influence on the heart function, 
GTE No. 4 elicited the highest influence on breathing, GTE No. 1 elicited the highest influence on the pressure 
within the bladder, and GTE No. 7 elicited the most acidic gastric juice within the stomach. It was also shown 
that GTE No. 10 significantly modified the endocrine function of the pancreas. Results of this study clearly 
demonstrate that internal organs and glands can be selectively stimulated via the selective stimulation of 
innervating superficial regions of the autonomous peripheral nerve.

 

Rural America’s Access to Broadband: A Preliminary Assessment of North Dakota and Pennsylvania

Sheila S. Sager, Marsha A. Tate, Ted Alter, Jeffrey Bridger, Jorge Reina Schement, William Shuffstall

Today, the socioeconomic fate of rural communities is inextricably linked to the quality and speed of access to 
Internet services, and content.  However, a thorough understanding of the resources necessary for communities to 
achieve full access to the network is necessary.  These resources can be grouped into four determinants of 
access: context; connectivity; capability; and, content—here referred to as the 4C’s theory.  Using data 
gathered for five rural counties in Pennsylvania and North Dakota, this paper frames rural high-speed Internet 
access in terms of the 4C’s theory. Our analyses suggest there are significant variations between the two states 
and among individual counties.  Moreover, in order to sustain socio-economic success, each of the 4C’s must be 
considered both individually and collectively.


M-Learning: 'The Real Thing', or just a Fizzer?

Graeme Salter

The following paper investigates the technical perspective of m-learning in relation to the educational 
perspective. The paper asks the question - whether or not m-learning is a viable learning environment for a 
genuine student learning experience given the current level of available technology? To do this, the authors 
present a summary of the technology and technology providers available that might be able to support m-learning 
initiatives. From this summary, conclusions are drawn regarding areas of technical improvement that would be 
required in order to support a truly effective m-learning environment.


 
 E-Learn and New Curricula in Biomedical Engineering

Gad Shani

Medicine has become very technological. Dr.’s offices, clinics and hospital rooms are loaded with electronic 
devices where modern sensors are linked to computers which receive the measured signals from the patient body, 
store them in memory and perform data analysis immediately. The new development in electronics and material 
science resulted in new, compact, sensitive sensors. The miniaturization of computers, the ability of built-in 
large memory in a small volume changed the shape of the medical clinic. In remote areas the signals are sent via 
telephone lines to medical centers for analysis and experts interpretation. Results are presented in a very 
clear and understandable manner.
 

Optimized Concrete Mixtures– A Worldwide Solution

James M. Shilstone

Aggregates and water on the earth’s crust are similar. Cementitious materials meet international standards.  A 
graphical means whereby anyone in the world can evaluate local materials and select proportions to make best use 
of those materials will be presented. The Coarseness Factor Chart has been in use over 30 years across North 
America and 30 other countries.  The American Concrete Institute and U.S. public agencies are including the 
method in their documents. Profiles of mixtures used for various project types have been assembled and can be 
duplicated anywhere in the world where materials and needs are similar.   



 

Interdisciplinary Research and Speech Rhythm

Oleg Skljarov

Speech rhythm is defined as sequence of the «Voiced segment – Unvoiced segment» duration.  After normalising, 
evolution of the rhythm is described by logistic mapping. Dynamical regimes of the rhythm in both normal speech 
(chaotic regime) and stuttering speech (regular regimes) are described. The causes which change these regimes 
are established. Results allow using the optimal course of treatment for each stutterer individually. Such 
individual optimum course will allow to avoid the basic shortcoming in correction of the stuttering – group 
correctional method. It gave us the possibility for carrying out individual studies with the patients with help 
of the Internet.


For the Students, By the Students – A Win-Win Collaborative Project Model on Creating Media-rich Content in the 
Campus

Alan S. K. Soong, Daniel T. H. Tan

At the Nanyang Technological University, the student-led Computer Engineering Club in collaboration with the 
Centre for Educational Development initiated a win-win collaborative project on creating media-rich content 
using a user-friendly content creation system. Such processes have typically been very expensive to sustain. The 
production process also has a long turn-around time between the event and the availability of the recording. The 
project is an example exemplifies how institutes of higher learning can overcome these challenges: by working 
hand-in-hand with student organizations on projects, which benefits students directly. In this project, the 
student club was able to initiate a project, which provided meaningful online learning service to the student 
population at large – for the students, by the students. The paper describes how the project was implemented 
successfully and modeled by other school clubs.


 

The Written English Self-Efficacy of Learning Disabled, Gifted, and Mainstream Adolescent Students

Claire D. Spicer

The structure of self-efficacy has become increasingly important for educators.  This pilot study examined the 
perceived self-efficacy and written English self-efficacy of adolescent students classified as learning 
disabled, gifted and mainstream.  Participants in the pilot program were 24, year 9 students.  Students first 
wrote a 10-minute essay on ‘my favourite day’ to identify their written English ability.  Following the essay, 
students completed a self-efficacy questionnaire.  To identify student matches or mismatches between perceived 
ability and actual ability, the student’s essays were compared with their self-efficacy beliefs.  Analysis of 
variance revealed that learning disabled students had the lowest levels of self-efficacy and lowest writing 
ability.  Mainstream students had the highest levels of self-efficacy with higher writing ability.  Correlations 
between student’s essays and written English self-efficacy revealed no significant results. 

 

The Regulation of the Response to Self in the Prevention and Treatment of Disease.

John Stanford, Graham McIntyre, Cynthia Stanford, Oscar Bottasso

Regulation of the response to self with bacterial reagents offers a novel mechanism for the prevention and 
treatment of many diseases. These range from chronic bacterial, parasitic and viral infections to allergies, 
autoimmunities and neoplasms. The reagents are prepared from a number of aerobic actinomycete genera, and 
consist of heat-killed suspensions of whole bacilli. The mode of action is at least twofold:-  1) An adjuvant 
effect, regulating cellular immune responses. 2) Bacterial antigens crossreactive with tissue antigens of 
mitochondrial origin. Preliminary results are available from agricultural, veterinary and human medicine.



Faculty-Mentored Research and Project-Based Teaching

M. H. N. Tabrizi

This paper concerns the development of a faculty-mentored research and project-based software development 
program, which can be an effective education tool in teaching new software tools and languages in undergraduate 
and graduate studies. To illustrate the effectiveness of this proposed faculty-mentored software development 
program, a brief summary of the program along with evidence of the effectiveness of ad hoc pilot progress are 
introduced here and the primary methods are discussed. Evidence suggests that program works effectively when the 
projects are designed to serve the interests of the students.  Using students to "help" faculty research or 
grant activity is not what this program is about. Instead, the program is designed to place students in charge 
of the discovery process. Thus, the students control the extent and duration of the undertaking.


 

Virtual Worlds, the Grounds of Subjective Identity and Multi – Screen Metaphor

Vitalij L. A. Tatko

To be able to watch an internal function or “self-activity” of living brain networks we used the ambiguous 
figures in psychophysics and event-related potentials (ERP) experiments. The results confirmed that 
decision-making process doesn’t finish at the moment of the motor/verbal response. We conclude that the single 
decision act has no sense from the behavioural or statistical point of view.  It psychological sense is proposed 
to be linked with the necessity of externalization of action in order to make intention clear for consciousness. 
An alternative explanation   may   uses   the  "bifurcation” points in consideration of transition from 
internal to external sunjective world as well as formal and multiple logic    representation    of    
information, following   by   Prigigine's self-organization theory (V. Tatko, Perception, 1988, 17, 3: 399).

 

WEB Based Education of Robotics and Mechatronics at the University of Maribor

Martin Terbuc, Suzana Uran, Andreja Rojko, Karel Jezernik

Rapid development of informatics technology has brought new ways to the teaching process. Book and personal 
contacts are supplemented with electronic documents with moving pictures and internet connections. So we have 
access from anywhere, anytime and from any computer system. The content can be changed simultaneously. We 
introduce new media to the study of electrical automation. Internet and World Wide Web are new means in the 
teaching. The teaching approach, which is practiced at Institute of robotics for last few years, is presented. 
It is shown how the teaching material is prepared, how the homeworks are issued and the students training for 
lab work and projects are presented. Using contemporary methods they get used of up-to-date technology, which 
will be used in their profession. The teaching means based on the new technology will not replace the 
traditional way of teaching. However, it will supplement it and improve significantly.

 

 
A Strategy for Improving U.S. Middle School Student Mathematics Word Problem Solving Performance 

Valerie L. Thomas 

U.S. middle school students have difficulty understanding and solving mathematics word problems.   Their 
mathematics performance on the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMMS) is far below their 
international peers, and minority students are less likely than high socioeconomic status (SES) White/Asian 
students to be exposed to higher-level mathematics concepts.  Research literature also indicates that when 
students use both In-School and Out-of-School knowledge and experiences to create authentic mathematics word 
problems, student achievement improves. This researcher developed a Strategy for improving mathematics problem 
solving performance and a Professional Development Model  (PDM) to effectively implement the Strategy. 


 

Quality of Service Requirements for IP/MPLS Routers

Mehmet Toy

As high quality demanding services such as VoIP are being offered over IP/MPLS networks, quality of service 
requirements for IP/MPLS networks are becoming tighter.  Best effort networking is no longer adequate.  Low 
delay and jitter for premium traffic in the presence of bursty traffic, and 99.999% availability are minimum 
requirements to support new applications. This paper will describe requirements for IP/MPLS routers to support 
emerging IP/MPLS network applications.  CapEx and OpEx impact of not supporting these requirements are also 
explained.


 

Developing Cognition Through Science Education

Nicos Valanides

There is a need to design and implement educational changes that empower future citizens to satisfy their basic 
needs and be productive in a cultural and social environment that will be increasingly dominated by science and 
technology. It is, furthermore, of utmost importance to recognise that science education is an integral part of 
general education that has no higher purpose than preparing people to lead personally fulfilling and responsible 
lives. The goals of science education that stem form this recognition go beyond content subject knowledge, or 
conceptual understanding of science, and encompass understanding of the nature and processes of science, as well 
as social values and responsibility, and the personal development of the individual in terms of problem-solving
and decision-making capabilities, communication skills, epistemological development, and career awareness. This 
framework determines the context of the on-going reform in science education and dictates a real transformation 
of the teaching-learning environment that should be based on constructivistic principles and alternative 
evaluation strategies.


 
Desideratum: Simple Syntax!

Andre van Meulebrouck

This position paper asserts that the computer industry suffers needless losses in man-hours and productivity due 
to gratuitous complexity. One culprit is complex syntax. The antidote is parsimonious syntactic constructs so 
that parsing does not become a science in and of itself. I propose a two step parsing process. The preprocess 
phase translates alternate syntaxes, macros, and other directives into “engine syntax”. This allows verifying 
that alternate syntaxes produce equivalent code. It is also in the best interests of accuracy, and expedites 
mechanized code generation. The LISP s-expression would be the ideal lingua franca syntax for software engines.


 

Comprehensive Databases of DNA Gene Polymorphisms 

Anna Vasku 

During research work concerning with associations among gene variations and   disease or some their 
characteristics, a large necessity of various databases browsing   with different information content is needed. 
So far, I was not able to find any database including all what I usually need: Information about all DNA 
polymorphisms in all human genes (not only in coding sequences of the gene), metaanalyses of the results and all 
known functional (functional genomic and proteomic) consequences. Such a database would be very useful for the 
large professional community.


 

Framework for an Internet-Based National Electoral System: the Philippine Scenario

Al. S. Vitangcol III

The Internet thrives on the continuing stream of dramatic improvements in hardware, software, and communications 
technologies.  Another important factor driving the growth of the Internet are the applications designed for it, 
making information and delivery of services instantly and conveniently accessible to geographically dispersed 
individuals.  It is changing the way things are done, so to speak. These dramatic changes are not confined to 
businesses alone but more so to the efficient and effective delivery of public services, giving rise to G2C 
model and E-Government. According to Deloitte Research [2001], there are six (6) stages of E-Government, but 
this paper would center only on Stage 2 – Official two-way transactions between the government and its citizens. 
This paper summarizes the related factors for developing local E-Government systems. One important factor is the 
localization of existing “standards” or “internationally accepted” websites, requiring a strategy for designing 
usable web interfaces that can be accessed and understood by “multi cultural audiences”, much more a 
multilingual society.

 

 
Redefining Specific Processes of the Philippine Judicial System into Internet-Driven Paradigms

Al. S. Vitangcol III

The Philippine legal industry has been slow in integrating information technology into its basic operational 
processes.  The extent and sophistication of court automation in the Philippine judiciary is at least a few 
years behind as compared to their foreign counterparts. This paper focuses on how existing Internet technologies 
might not only automate but also transform the practice of, and access to law.  The Internet offers new and 
creative solutions to old problems dogging the Philippine judicial system. It is hoped that the study will 
consequently appeal to a very diverse audience of practicing lawyers, civil servants, members of the judiciary, 
and fellow academics. Henceforth, the paper focuses on the sole problem: How could specific processes of the 
Philippine judicial system be redefined into Internet-driven paradigms? The results of the study can be used to 
develop unifying theories or models, which can be translated into mature methodologies for the purpose of 
improving the administration of laws and ultimately dispensation of justice in the Philippines.

 

Stroke in the Computer or Pie in the Sky: The Need for Advanced Computing and Information Technology in the 
Search for the Treatment of Brain Disorders

Dag K. J. E. von Lubitz

Despite intense bench and clinical research, the majority of brain disorders cannot be effectively cured.  The 
complexity of the brain compounded by the complexity of the involved pathophysiologies result in continuing 
failures of clinical trials testing therapeutic approaches that show high promise in simple models of disease.  
Computer-based modeling has been applied to the analysis of other ultra-complex systems in physics, astronomy, 
engineering, etc.  It is the belief of the author that similar approach to the pathology of the brain may offer 
a highly promising approach to better understanding of the involved processes, their relationships, and, 
ultimately to the development of effective and less costly therapeutic interventions.


 

Strategies for Distance Learning Organizations Targeting Information Technology Professionals.

Jelena Vucetic


In the last decade, with rapid development and deployment of Internet-based applications, distance learning (DL) 
has emerged as a new paradigm in various aspects of education, including the academia, corporate training, 
certification programs as well as K-12 education. In this paper, we shall focus on the applicability of distance 
learning in the graduate education of information technology (IT) professionals.


 

Life In Unusual Places

Milton Wainwright, S. Al-Harbi


Microbes exist in the stratosphere and ancient, 50 million year old, amber. Did our stratospheric microbes come 
from, Earth or space? If from space, are they dangerous; could they cause modern diseases like SARS? Microbes 
also occur in 50 million year old amber.  Like the fictional Jurassic Park, could such ancient life, once we 
released be dangerous? Such studies may deliver novel drugs and other chemicals and provide us with a better 
understanding of what we are and where we came from.


 

Developing High Performance In-Memory Web Database Techniques

Fangju Wang

Web databases have been broadly used in e-education, e-commerce, and many Web related applications. The
response time in visiting a Web database includes network transmission time and database search time. With the
increase of network speeds, the transmission time is getting shorter and shorter, and the database search time
is no longer a negligible cost. The in-memory database technique can help reduce database search time. In this
paper, two techniques are presented, which were developed to build high performance in-memory Web databases.
Experimental results are presented and analysed.

 

Problems and Prospects for E-Manufacturing

A.S.White

This paper will review the current major issues in the implementation of e-manufacturing, particularly the
dynamic aspects.  It will examine the progress in the last few years, drawing out particular issues that need
to be addressed. A set of dynamic models of the way e-manufacture is affected by the overall system set up by
groups of manufacturers will be used to evaluate general solutions for partial and complete e-based companies.
 Use will be made of the work by the author and colleagues to devise rule-based design and internet based
 control of machine to illustrate how these developments affect the integrated e-manufacturing environment.

Geographic Information Sytem (GIS) Models for Transit Benefits

Fred Laurence Williams

Cervero (1997), Lewis and Williams (1999), and FTA (2000) reported methods for calculating transit's economic
benefits to passengers and other taxpayers. These methods included Mogridge intermodal travel time equilibrium
tests, econometric analysis, hedonic analysis, budget audits, and consumer surplus calculations.  Currently, on
behalf of the U.S. DOT, the author and his colleagues are exploiting GIS Internet technology to model these
economic benefits in real time--on the fly--for selected polygons.  The goal is to generate convenient,
accessible, timely, and low-cost, economic valuations of benefits--as separate GIS layers—using interoperable
local data on property values, transit performance characteristics, census-based transportation data, State
highway performance data, and other locally generated data.  The GIS models are designed to meet the standards
under development for the Federal Geospatial One-Stop data initiative.  The author envisages a presentation at
the policy analytical level, which includes a nine-cell public choice benefit matrix that reflects transit's
distinct market niches.

 

Intelligent Biomedical System of Regularaties Revealing and an Estimation of Pathomorphologic Fluctuations in
Gaster Mucosa on Computer Morphometry Data

A. Yankovskaya, G. Chernogoruk, I. Mandel

The urgent necessity of correlating of the data obtained as a result of a computer morphometry (CM) of a gaster
mucosa (GM) with the histologists expert conclusion made on the basis of alternative group of features is shown. 
Intelligent biomedical systems (IBS) of regularities revealing and an estimation of pathomorphologic 
fluctuations in a GM according to CM data are proposed. The IBS is based on matrix knowledge representation, 
deep optimizing logical-combinatorial and logical-probabilistic procedures, test pattern recognizing methods and 
cognitive means of decision-making justification oriented on users of various qualifications.  A new method of 
knowledge formation is proposed. This method and modified algorithm of test pattern recognition allow expanding 
fields of medicine investigations and application as well as to reveal new regularities. The IBS is created on 
the base of the software tool IMSLOG realized on the base of C++ classes system in the operation system Windows 
95/98/2000/NT

 

Transformation of the Solution Results of one Problem in the Solution the Alternative ones Relates on Expert 
Conclusion: A New Paradigm of an Intelligent Test Pattern Recognition System


A. Yankovskaya

It is shown importance of connection of various parameters received on the basis of measurements with the 
commonly accepted parameters, determined by experts on other characteristics. Transformation of the solution 
results of one problem in the solution of the alternative ones related on expert conclusion is a new paradigm of 
intelligent test pattern recognition system. It will allow revealing regularities in the data of each of the 
alternative problems, to define interconnection (cross connections) between components of the problem area 
(including an information component of these problems) and to realize possibility of decision-making on 
information component of each of the problems. The implementation of the transformation idea is proposed by 
modification of the test algorithms of pattern recognition and their realization in the intelligent system. The 
transformation idea of the problems solution is connected with practical necessity taking place in the field of 
medicine, management, psychology, education. 

The Innovation System of Knowledge Based Construction Management

Wang Yingluo

The innovation of knowledge based construction management not only meets the demand of deeper reforms and
economic growth model change, but also is the important symbol of the construction management’s new stage. 
Knowledge has becoming the key element of the technology and economic activity. The knowledge transfer is the 
base of knowledge management. Knowledge management is the process to recognize knowledge, acquire knowledge and 
apply knowledge. With appropriate organization structure and business process design, organizational culture 
cultivation and the support technology of modern communications, knowledge management will build the environment 
and incentive mechanism, which speeds knowledge innovation, knowledge exchanging, knowledge learning, and 
knowledge application. It is important to fulfill effective knowledge management during the process of 
organizational innovation and organizational leaning. Knowledge network and sharing knowledge base is the new 
technology platform of knowledge innovation and decision support system. 

 

Back to the Future: Java, Stack Machines and Instruction Level Parallelism

C K Yuen

After being neglected for several decades, some revival of interest in stack architectures is occurring because 
of the wide use of Java bytecode. Stack programs may be mapped into register programs using a simple virtual 
register scheme [1][2][3], with extraction of underlying instruction level parallelism, containing use-once 
register contents achieving true dependences free of WAW and WAR hazards. The resulting code may be executed 
using various hardware designs, whether based on reservation stations, reorder buffer or EPIC type register 
files. However, several problems need to be solved:  (a) Branch prediction: the tag stack used in the register 
renaming scheme must be saved during branch prediction so that it may be restored to its original condition in 
case of a prediction failure; (b) Value reuse: values that are repeatedly used in subsequent computation need to 
be retaied in register/reorder buffer to avoid repeated loading from cache or memory; (c) Instruction folding: 
Recognition of a set of stack instructions that collectively correspond to a single arithmetic instruction;  (d) 
Cache Load misses: Instructions delayed by missing operands may need to be shunted out of execution pipelines 
and re-inserted subsequently.






Award papers/presentations from past IPSI organized conferences!

 

TV is Dead – Long Live the WEB (SSGRR-2000)

 

Harold Kroto, Nobel Leaurate, University of Sussex, UK

 

Science, Engineering and Technology are as vital to our intellectual and cultural development  (particularly our 
children’s) as they are to our training to get along in the Modern World.  Some efforts to redress the problems 
involved in the general Public awareness and understanding of science and engineering (PAUSE) issues are being 
initiated via the Vega Science Trust (www.vega.org.uk), which aims to take advantage of the revolution in TV and 
Internet communications technology to improve matters.  The best scientists and science communicators are being 
recorded and the programmes are being broadcast on BBC-TV and the Internet. Furthermore School/University 
outreach programmes are being developed and Vega is piloting ways in which members of the Science, Engineering 
and Technology (SET) community can, as individuals and groups, make important contributions. Excerpts from SET 
programmes will be presented. These efforts present a perspective on SET which places the cultural factors in 
the foreground and focuses on the intrinsic charisma of science which is hidden from many. It is now cruical 
that the society in general and the scientific community in particular accept that serious problems are involved 
in communicating science and the Internet is set to play a major role.  Before the invention of the printing 
press there was only one book in the west – the bible – and it was hand-written by monks. After the invention 
the printing press book – writing and reading was democratized and this was truly the beginning of general 
education. In a similar way the birth of the Internet has democratized broadcasting  – the broadcasting channels 
no longer control the dissemination of recorded material – individuals and groups of individuals can now do it 
themselves and so the Internet has enabled broadcasting to fulfill the promise it has always had – to be a 
superb educational medium.

 

Electronic Business and Education (SSGRR-2001)

 

Bob Richardson, Nobel Laureate, Cornell University, USA

 

There is no longer any question that the Internet and electronic communication are the major new tools for 
collaborative advances in the creation of new knowledge and in future learning. There are countless examples of 
highly successful professional courses taught on the Internet. Similarly, international and multidisciplinary 
collaborations in scientific research based upon little contact other than through electronic communication 
dominate the scientific literature. Perhaps the most profound examples of distance collaboration in science are 
found in astronomy. The Hubble telescope has permitted astronomers to gather breathtaking images from the most 
remote observatory imaginable – one in orbit around the earth. A significant challenge remains. The challenge is 
to devise a remote mode for nonverbal communication about difficult concepts. In the shared creation of new 
ideas and knowledge, facial expressions and body gestures frequently play an important role in peer 
interactions. As the speed and bandwidth of electronic communication increase, we have the prospect that the 
important elements of human contact can be imitated. Without the development of sympathetic peer or mentor 
relationships, distance learning will remain quite sterile.


 
E-Business and E-Challenges (SSGRR-2002)

 

Jerome Friedman, Nobel Laureate, MIT, USA

 

The development of Homo sapiens has been a history of innovations, from the earliest crude tools to the modern 
technological society of today. The growth of science and technology has been exponential during the last 
century; and under the right circumstances, this rapid growth can be expected to continue. The major innovations 
of the future - those that will shape the society of the future - will require a strong foundation of both basic 
and applied research. It is ironic that quantum mechanics, one of most abstruse conceptual frameworks in physics 
- one that was developed to explain atomic spectra and the structure of the atom, lies at the foundation of some 
of our most important technological developments, because it provided the understanding of semiconductors that 
was essential for the invention of the transistor. Quantum mechanics thus contributed directly to the 
development of technologies that gave us world wide communication, computers with their applications to all 
phases of modern life, lasers with many diverse uses, consumer electronics, atomic clocks, and superconductors - 
just to mention a few. The internet and the World Wide Web, which are profoundly reshaping the way that we 
communicate, learn, and engage in commerce, owe their origins in a deep sense to the physicists of the past who 
worked to understand the atom. In modern industrial nations, quantum mechanics probably lies at the basis of a 
sizable fraction of the gross national product. This is but one example, and there are many others in all areas 
of science that demonstrate this point. It is clear that innovation is the key to the future and the human drive 
to understand nature is the key to future innovation. Society must do all that it can to preserve, nurture and 
encourage curiosity and the drive to understand.



The Next Generation of IP – Flow Routing (SSGRR-2003)

 

Lawrence G. Roberts, Father of the Internet, USA

 

For the last 33 years IP routers have not changed, they still support only “best effort” traffic. However, the 
bandwidth available to people has been increasing rapidly with the advent of broadband access. The result is 
that many new services are now desired that require far better QoS than “best effort” IP can support. Also, with 
broadband, the problem of controlling the total usage and carrier expense has become important. Thus, it has 
become critical to improve both the delay performance and the control of bandwidth for IP service, much as was 
accomplished in ATM. Also, call rejection for high bandwidth streaming services like video is required instead 
of random discards if quality is to be maintained. All these problems can be solved with no change to TCP/IP by 
routing flows rather than packets. This requires keeping some state information for the duration of the flow, 
but this information can be captured on the fly as the first packet goes by. This permits an IP flow router to 
achieve all the capabilities of an ATM switch, but without the call setup delay and at a lower cost than a 
conventional IP router.